簡介Introduction
在本活動中，你會設計和建立一個魚菜共生系統。你需要應用生態系中物質循環的相關知識。你還有機會展示你在工程學上的技能、創意、團隊合作性和溝通技巧。
In this activity, you will design and build an aquaponics system. You will need to apply your knowledge of the roles of organisms in material cycling. You will also have a chance to demonstrate your engineering skills, creativity, team work and communication skills.
背景知識：魚菜共生的原理和物質循環Background knowledge: principles of aquaponics and material cycling
細閱以下内容以重温魚菜共生的原理和生物在物質循環的角色。
- 魚菜共生結合了水產養殖和水耕法，同時養魚和栽培植物，形成一個互利共生的循環系統（圖1）。
- 魚的排泄物為植物提供營養素，而植物則把水過濾，為魚提供潔淨的生活環境。
- 微生物是魚菜共生系統的一分子，它們把魚的排泄物分解成可被植物吸收和使用的營養素。
Study the content below to revise the principles of aquaponics and and the roles of organisms in material cycling.
- Aquaponics is a combination of aquaculture (raising fish) and hydroponics (growing plants in nutrient solutions) in a symbiotic, circular system (Figure 1).
- The fish waste provides a source of nutrients for the plants, while the plants filter the water, providing a clean environment for the fish.
- Microorganisms are also involved in aquaponics. They help break down the fish waste into forms of nutrients that plants can absorb and use.
活動Task
老師會把同學分成三至五人的小組。與組員合作設計和建立一個魚菜共生系統。設計魚菜共生系統時，要注意以下各項︰
Your teacher will divide the class into groups of three to five. Collaborate with your group members to design and build an aquaponics system. Remember that the aquaponics system:
- 魚菜共生系統應結合水產養殖和水耕法，形成一個互利共生的循環系統。
- 魚菜共生系統應可持續運作。
- should combine aquaculture and hydroponics operating in a symbiotic relationship.
- should be sustainable.
設計魚菜共生系統Design the aquaponics system
1.
列出你的設計所需的物料。你可選擇使用任何容易取得的物料。
You may use any materials that are easily available to build your aquaponics system. List the materials your group will use.
2.
列出你的魚菜共生系統中所選用的植物和魚類。
List the species of plants and fish to be included in your aquaponics system.
3.
在以下的空格內繪畫並標示你的設計。扼要地描述建立魚菜共生系統的步驟。
Draw and label your design below. Briefly describe your steps in building the aquaponics system.
4.
寫出設計魚菜共生系統時，所參考的資料來源。
Write the source(s) of any reference you used when designing your aquaponics system.
建立及展示魚菜共生系統Build the aquaponics system and communicate results
1.
經老師准許後，你和組員便可收集所需物料和建立魚菜共生系統。
3.
老師會根據以下評核準則來評核你的表現。
| 評核準則 |
水平 |
| 優異 |
良好 |
平平 |
差劣 |
生物學知識的應用
- 魚菜共生結合水產養殖和水耕法，形成一個互利共生的循環系統
|
4 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
|
解難能力
|
4 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
|
創新的設計
|
4 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
|
報告及演示
|
4 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
|
引用參考資料
|
4 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
|
整體水平
|
4 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
1.
After getting your teacher’s approval, you can collect your materials and build the aquaponics system.
2.
Present and demonstrate your aquaponics system to the class.
3.
Your teacher will evaluate your work based on the following grading rubric.
| Assessment criteria |
Quality of work |
| Excellent |
Good |
Fair |
Poor |
Application of biological knowledge
- Aquaponics combines aquaculture and hydroponics operating in a symbiotic relationship.
|
4 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
Practical solution
- Good use of materials to build an aquaponics system that can run sustainably.
|
4 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
Innovative design
- Innovative use of materials and original design.
|
4 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
Presentation
- Clear and well-organized oral presentation, proper use of scientific language.
|
4 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
Reference acknowledgement
- Any references used are properly acknowledged.
|
4 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
|
Overall quality of work
|
4 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
4.
What modifications can you make to improve your aquaponics system?
問題Questions
1.
魚菜共生系統有甚麼優點？
What are the advantages of using an aquaponics system?
2.
細菌在魚菜共生系統中的作用是甚麼？如果系統中沒有細菌，會導致甚麼後果？
What is the role of bacteria in an aquaponics system? What will happen if bacteria are absent from the system?
3.
指出哪一種細菌把魚排泄物中的銨化合物轉化為植物可用的營養素，並描述該過程。
State one type of bacteria involved in converting ammonium compounds in fish waste into nutrients for plants. Describe the process carried out by the bacteria.
延展部分Extension
如果氮循環不能正常運作，氨便可能積聚，導致魚中毒。你可使用氨測試劑，來監察魚菜共生系統中氨的濃度，並在有需要時加以調整。
State one type of bacteria involved in converting ammonium compounds in fish waste into nutrients for plants. Describe the process carried out by the bacteria.
氨離子測試包
（包括兩支氨測試劑、一支玻璃試管和一張色卡）
Ammonia test kit
(including two ammonia test solutions, a glass test tube and a colour chart)