任務Task
Use a simple program to design a balanced diet
背景知識Background knowledge
食物為我們提供能量。不同種類的食物有不同的能量值。能量值愈高的食物，則它儲存的能量便愈多。食物的能量值以每克千焦耳(kJ/g)，或每克千卡路里(kcal/g)表示。
Food provides us with energy. Different foods have different energy values. The higher the energy value, the more energy the food contains. The energy value of food is measured in kilojoules per gram (kJ/g) or kilocalories per gram (kcal/g).
| 食物物質Food substance |
能量值 (KJ/g)Energy value (KJ/g) |
| 碳水化合物carbohydrates |
17 |
| 脂質lipids |
39 |
| 蛋白質proteins |
18 |
我們需要從食物中攝取能量來供身體活動所需。我們對能量的需求，取決於我們的性別、年齡和日常的活動量等。
下表顯示不同年齡組別和性別的人於中度活躍水平的情況下，每天所需的能量(kJ)。
The daily energy requirement of a person depends on age, gender, activity level and occupation.
The table below shows the daily energy requirements (kJ) of people of different age groups and gender with medium activity level.
|
不同年齡組別每天所需的能量 (KJ)Daily energy requirement of people of different age groups (KJ) |
|
7-10歲7-10 years |
11-14歲11-14 years |
15-18歲15-18 years |
19-50歲19-50 years |
| 男性Male |
8190 |
11 130 |
12 180 |
11 340 |
| 女性Female |
7770 |
9660 |
10 080 |
9660 |
The table below shows the daily energy requirements of people with different occupations.
| 職業Occupation |
性別Gender |
年齡Age |
每天所需的能量 (KJ)Daily energy requirement (KJ) |
| 文員office worker |
女性female |
28 |
9660 |
| 以母乳哺育嬰孩的母親breastfeeding mother |
女性female |
28 |
11 340 |
| 文員office worker |
男性male |
30 |
12 000 |
| 地盤工人construction worker |
男性male |
30 |
16 000 |
第一部分—使用電腦程式來設計一日的餐單Part A—Use a simple program to design a balanced diet
老師會把全班分成數組。試和你的組員合作使用一個簡單的電腦程式來設計一日均衡膳食的餐單。
Your teacher will divide the class into groups. Collaborate with your group members to design a balanced diet.
2.
選擇你的性別、年齡和體力活動水平，然後點擊「更新」按鈕 來了解自己每天所需的能量。
Choose your gender, age, level of physical activity and then click the ‘Update’ button to see your suggested intake.
3.
在食物類別中選取不同的食物，了解不同食物的營養成分和能量值。
You can choose a food (e.g. Rice) to see its nutritional values in the food category.
4.
你可以把不同食物加到膳食計劃中，以設計一個均衡膳食的餐單。
You can then add different foods into their meal plans to design a one-day menu.
5.
你可以在「每日概要」中，看看設計的膳食餐單是否均衡。
You can see whether their one-day menu is balanced in the daily summary.
第二部分—改良程式（可選擇進行）Part B—Modify the program (Optional)
如果你未能找到自己想吃的食物，你可以改良我們的程式，在食物類別中加入更多食物選擇。
If you cannot find the food you want to eat, you can modify our program and add more food into the food category.
2.
接着，你可以打開以下檔案，研究如何把食物資料加到程式中﹕
FoodMenuStructure.js & FoodData.js
You can then open the following files and study how to add more food into the category:
FoodMenuStructure.js & FoodData.js
第三部分—其他Part C—Further more
1.
設計一星期均衡膳食的餐單，並和同學分享。
Design a balanced diet for a week and share with classmates.
2.
展示你改良後的程式。
Demonstrate your modified program.
3.
在課堂後提交經改良的程式。
Submitthe modified program to teachers after the lesson.