在學校設立一個温室（學生工作紙）Building a greenhouse in your school (Student's Worksheets)

STEM連繫 (S1–S3)STEM connection (S1–S3)在學校設立一個温室Building a greenhouse in your school
下載：Download: 學生工作紙 Student's Worksheet
學習技能：Learning skill: 虛擬實境VR micro:bitmicro:bit ArduinoArduino IoT:bitIoT:bit DIYDIY
學習範圍：Learning areas: 0
  • 温室的運作原理和功能
  • Working principle and functions of a greenhouse
 0
  • 使用micro:bit或Arduino監察温室內的狀況，並製作灌溉和照明系統
  • Use micro:bit or Arduino to monitor the conditions inside a greenhouse, and to control watering and lighting
 0
  • 設計及製作一個温室
  • Design and make a greenhouse
 0
  • 分析圖表
  • Graphs interpretation
任務Task

理解温室的運作原理和功能，並在學校設立一個温室。

Understand the working principle and functions of a greenhouse. Then, design and make a greenhouse in your school.

確保學生明白温室的運作原理和功能﹕The working principle and functions of a greenhouse:

  • 温室是由透光的材料（例如玻璃）建成的。温室可以把來自太陽的熱困住，使温室內保持温暖，有助植物生長。透光的屋頂和牆能讓陽光照射進温室，並把熱困在温室內，因而使温室保持温暖（圖1）。

  • 温室通常具備人工照明、二氧化碳排放器和暖氣等設備。這些設備把光強度、二氧化碳濃度和温度控制在最適水平，使農作物的光合作用能維持在最高速率，從而提高農作物的產量和品質。

  • 此外，温室也保護農作物免受害蟲和惡劣天氣的影響。

  • A greenhouse is a structure built of transparent materials such as glass. It traps heat from the Sun and keeps the air inside the greenhouse warm enough for plants to grow. The transparent roof and walls let sunlight in and prevent the heat from escaping. This makes the inside of the greenhouse warm (Figure 1).

  • A greenhouse is usually equipped with artificial lighting, carbon dioxide generators and heaters. The light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration and temperature can be adjusted to maximize the rate of photosynthesis, so that the yield (產量) and the quality of the crops can be improved.

  • A greenhouse also provides a protected environment to reduce the damage of the crops by pests and bad weather.

圖 1
Figure 1
人工照明使農作物在日照以外的時間繼續進行光合作用。
The use of artificial lighting allows photosynthesis to continue beyond daylight hours.
温室內置有二氧化碳排放器
Carbon dioxide generators are installed in greenhouses.
第一部分—DIY方法Part A—DIY methods

老師會把同學分成三至五人的小組。與組員合作設計和製作一個温室。設計温室時，要注意以下各項︰

  • 温室應能讓陽光照射進內。
  • 温室應能把熱困住，從而為植物提供一個較温暖的生長環境。
  • 温室應能幫助促進植物的生長。

Your teacher will divide the class into groups of 3–5. Collaborate with your group members to design and make a greenhouse. Remember that the greenhouse:

  • must be designed to allow sunlight in.
  • should provide a warmer environment for plants by trapping heat inside.
  • should help maintain a suitable environment for plants to grow.
1.
在以下的空格內繪畫並標註你的設計。扼要地描述製作温室的步驟。 Draw and label your design below. Briefly describe your steps in building the greenhouse.
2.
列出你所設計的温室所需的物料。你可用任何容易取得的物料。 You may choose to use any materials that are easily available. List the materials your group will use.
3.
描述測試温室的方法，以證明温室可以促進植物的生長。 Describe how you will test the effectiveness of your greenhouse.
4.
寫出你設計温室時，所參考的資料來源。 Write the source(s) of any reference you used when designing your greenhouse.
第二部分—觀看虛擬實境（VR）Part B—Watch the VR of a greenhouse
你想看看現實中在温室內使用的設施嗎？你現在可以觀看一個位於香港的温室的虛擬實境（VR），認識温室內各種設施的實際情況，並與自己設計的温室進行比較。
Do you want to know more about the instruments used in a real greenhouse? You can now watch a VR of a greenhouse in Hong Kong! You can know more about the real instruments inside a greenhouse and compare the designs of these instruments with those you have made.

使用VR眼鏡，觀看温室的虛擬實境(VR)﹕
https://e-aristo.hk/r/isghvr.c
To watch a VR of a greenhouse with your VR goggles:
https://e-aristo.hk/r/isghvr.e
第三部分—使用micro:bitPart C—Modify the greenhouse with micro:bit
I. 利用流動裝置或電腦監察温室內的狀況I. Monitoring the conditions inside the greenhouse with your mobile device or computer


所需物料︰

micro:bit、IoT:bit（Wi-Fi擴展板）、便攜式路由器、温度與濕度感應器

Materials required:

micro:bit, IoT:bit (Wi-Fi expansion board), portable Wi-Fi router, temperature and humidity sensor

micro:bit
micro:bit
IoT:bit
IoT:bit
温度與濕度感應器
temperature and humidity sensor
如何購買﹕
https://e-aristo.hk/r/isghweb1.c
Where to buy the IoT:bit and sensors:
https://e-aristo.hk/r/isghweb1.e

在智能電話 / 電腦即時取得數據﹕Get the data instantaneously on your mobile device or computer:
II. 自動灌溉系統II. Auto watering system


所需物料︰

micro:bit、泥土濕度感應器、水泵

Materials required:

micro:bit, soil moisture sensor, water pump

泥土濕度感應器
soil moisture sensor
水泵
water pump
如何購買﹕
https://e-aristo.hk/r/isghweb2.c
Where to buy the water pump:
https://e-aristo.hk/r/isghweb2.e
III. 自動照明系統III. Auto lighting system


所需物料︰

micro:bit、光強度感應器、LED燈帶

Materials required:

micro:bit, light intensity sensor, LED strip

光強度感應器
light intensity sensor
LED燈帶
LED strip
如何購買﹕
https://e-aristo.hk/r/isghweb3.c
Where to buy the LED strip:
https://e-aristo.hk/r/isghweb3.e
第四部分—評價和改良Part D—Evaluate and redesign
1.
經老師准許後，你和組員便可收集所需物料製作温室。
2.
在班上展示和介紹你的温室。
3.
你會如何改良你的温室？
4.
老師會根據以下評核準則來評核你的表現。
評核準則 水平
優異 良好 普通 尚可 差劣
科學知識的應用
例如﹕温室能否為植物提供一個較温暖的生長環境及幫助促進植物的生長？ 		54321
解難能力
例如﹕所使用的物料、温室的強度等 		54321
設計的創新性 54321
科技的應用
例如﹕micro:bit / Arduino / 3D打印 		54321
報告及演示 54321
整體水平 54321
5.
在課堂後提交學生工作紙。
1.
After getting your teacher’s approval, you can collect your materials and build the greenhouse.
2.
Present and display your greenhouse to the class.
3.
What modifications can you make to improve your greenhouse?
4.
Your teacher will evaluate the work of your group based on the following grading rubric.
Assessment criteria Quality of work
excellent good average satisfactory poor
Application of science knowledge
e.g. Does it provide a warmer environment for plants to grow? 		54321
Practical skill
e.g. The use of materials, the strength of the greenhouse, etc. 		54321
Innovative design 54321
Application of technology
e.g. micro:bit / Arduino / 3D printing 		54321
Presentation 54321
Overall quality of work 54321
5.
Submit Student’s Worksheets to your teacher after the lesson.
沒有使用權限No access right

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Your school does not have the access right to open the resources of this series.

沒有使用權限No access right

你的學校未有使用本系列資源之權限。

Your school does not have the access right to open the resources of this series.